What Is Durable Medical Equipment?
Durable medical equipment (DME) refers to medically necessary items used by individuals with medical conditions, disabilities, or injuries. These products are meant for long-term use at home and may include mobility aids, monitoring devices, and other healthcare-related equipment. Some insurance plans may also cover certain DME, but coverage often excludes items considered home improvements, such as ramps or stair lifts.
In 2022, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) expanded DME coverage to include more categories, such as continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), orthotics, and prosthetic equipment. This policy update was introduced to improve accessibility and affordability for those who rely on medical equipment at home.
To qualify as DME under Medicare or other insurance plans, the item must:
- Be used for a medical condition
- Withstand repeated use over time
- Be appropriate for home use
- Have a life expectancy of at least three years
- Be ordered by a licensed healthcare professional (for Medicare or insurance coverage)
Examples of Durable Medical Equipment
Common examples of DME that may be covered include:
- Wheelchairs (manual or powered)
- Walkers and canes
- Hospital beds
- Blood glucose monitors and test strips
- Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs)
- CPAP machines
- Nebulizers and respiratory supplies
- Infusion pumps and related items
- Orthotic braces and prosthetics
- Patient lifts
- Suction devices
- Pressure-reducing support surfaces
Coverage may vary depending on your insurance and medical needs.
What Doesn’t Qualify as DME?
Some items may support safety and mobility but aren’t considered DME under Medicare. These are typically categorized as home improvements and may not be covered:
- Stair lifts
- Ramps
- Walk-in tubs or showers
- Grab bars
These may be covered under a Medicare Advantage plan or through other private insurance options.
Additional Notes on Coverage and Access
- Durable medical equipment (DME) includes mobility aids like manual wheelchairs, power wheelchairs, and mobility scooters, all of which may be covered by Medicare.
- Some DME, such as canes, may also be available for purchase at local pharmacies or drugstores and could qualify for Medicare coverage.
- Items that are categorized as home modifications—such as stair lifts and ramps—are not considered DME and are typically not covered by Medicare.
DME vs. Medical Supplies
While DME refers to reusable items, medical supplies are usually disposable and for short-term use.
Durable Medical Equipment
- Long-term use
- Reusable
- Examples: wheelchairs, CPAP machines
Medical Supplies
- Single-use or short-term
- Disposable
- Examples: gloves, bandages, incontinence pads
Some plans may include limited coverage for both, depending on your medical needs.
Will Medicare Cover DME?
Medicare Part B may pay for DME if:
- It’s medically necessary
- It’s prescribed by a Medicare-enrolled provider
- The equipment is provided by a Medicare-approved supplier
Coverage may involve either rental or purchase. Standard models are generally covered, while upgrades may require out-of-pocket payment. Appeals are possible if coverage is denied.
Will Medicaid Cover DME?
Medicaid includes DME coverage through its mandatory home health benefit. Coverage details vary by state. Prosthetics and additional medical tools may be covered depending on local policies and whether they’re considered necessary for independent living.
Where to Find Medical Supplies and Equipment
Medical supplies and durable equipment can be purchased at local pharmacies, medical supply stores, or through various retailers. To locate a Medicare-approved provider, visit the official Medicare DME supplier directory or call 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) for assistance. Some commonly covered items, like canes, may already be available at nearby pharmacies, eliminating the need to visit a specialty store. In some cases, incontinence products and other supplies offered directly by DME suppliers or manufacturers may provide better quality than standard retail options.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are contact lenses or eyeglasses considered DME?
Are humidifiers covered by Medicare?
Are shower chairs included in DME?
Does Medicare pay for foot orthotics?
Final Thoughts
Durable medical equipment helps support daily living and health management at home. From mobility aids to advanced monitoring tools, many DME items may be covered when medically necessary. Always check with your provider and insurance to understand what’s included in your benefits.